There is no single legal specification, and insurer requirements vary. Insurers commonly look for measures in line with RISCAuthority guidance, such as careful location of chargers, fire separation from the rest of the building, suitable detection and sprinkler and ventilation design, and easy emergency isolation. Speak to your insurer before you install.
Why basements are a concern
Fires involving electric vehicles can be intense and long-lasting, and enclosed car parks are difficult places for firefighters to work. Smoke and heat build up quickly and access is often limited.
What insurers commonly look for
Expectations vary between insurers and sites, but they are often based on RISCAuthority guidance, including RC59. Typical considerations include:
- Location. Charging outside or at ground level is generally preferred. Where chargers must go below ground, they are best placed near exits and fire service access.
- Separation. Fire-resisting construction between the charging area and the rest of the building.
- Sprinklers and ventilation. System design that takes account of the intensity and duration of vehicle fires.
- Detection. Early warning of a fire, especially where charging happens out of hours.
- Emergency isolation. Clearly signed isolation points that staff and firefighters can reach.
- Electrical installation. Installation in line with BS 7671, including Section 722 for electric vehicle charging.
Your fire risk assessment
Installing charging points changes your fire risk, so your fire risk assessment should be reviewed. Involve your insurer and fire risk assessor early, before the location and layout are fixed.
This answer is general guidance on the law in England and is not a substitute for advice on your specific premises.